| Notes |
- Robert
born.......27 Jan 1843.....Fatfield Harraton County Durham,England
Source...Birth Certificate
married..19 Jul 1864....Parish Church,Aycliffe, County DURHAM, England
died....22 Mar 1899.....14 York St Parnell Auckland New Zealand
Source. ...Folio # 52 Deaths 1899.
buried..plot 71 St Marks Churchyard Remuera. Headstone destroyed when cemetery converted into lawns in 1960's)
851 Census, Auckland District
Family Number: 22877.5
Shildon 1851, New Shildon, Chapel Street (HO107/2385/folio 635 page 21)
John Russell, Head, Married, 41, Engineman, born Mile End (?), Northumberland
Eleanor Russell, Wife, Married, 32, born Houghton-le-Spring, County Durham
John G. Russell, Son, 9, Scholar, born Fatfield, County Durham
Robert Russell, Son, 8, Scholar, born Fatfield, County Durham
Thomas Russell, Son, 6, Scholar, born Fatfield, County Durham
William F. Russell, Son, 5, Scholar, born Fatfield, County Durham
1861 Census
Surname Forename Age Relation to Head Occupation Birthplace Address Folio reference S&N file reference
Russell Robert 18 Boarder Mineral Agent Tanfield, Durham South Bank Terrace RG9/3654/~F46 CD25 RG9_3654.pdf p.91
1861 missing pages
Missing pieces of the 1861 census
There are a number of enumeration books missing, or parts of enumeration books (usually missing start or finish), from the 1861 census. Below is a list of the books affected that we know of, both those missing in their entirety (M) and those which are incomplete (I) in the National Archives.
3735 Durham Durham Lanchester (2) Brancepeth: Hedley Hope I
There are also 11 entries for Robert Russell in the Worldwide Army Index for 1861
Last Name First Name Rank Record
Russell Robert Private VIEW
Russell Robert Drummer / Fifer VIEW
Russell Robert Corporal VIEW
Russell Robert Private VIEW
Russell Robert Private VIEW
Russell Robert Private VIEW
Russell Robert Corporal VIEW
Russell Robert Private VIEW
Russell Robert Corporal VIEW
Russell Robert Private VIEW
Russell Robert Corporal VIEW
Information is sparse
e.g.
First Name(s):Robert
Last Name:Russell
Number:568
Rank:Private
Unit:33rd Foot (Duke of Wellingtons) Depot
Regiment Stationed at:Fermoy
National Archives reference:WO12 / 4849
In 2013 i HAVE NOT POSITIVELY LOCATED rOBERT rUSSELL FOR SURE.
At the time of his marriage he was a railway agent.He had a dairy in Newmarket and later a dairy shop and milk round in Parnell.His home at 14 York St in Parnell was still standing in 1995 almost 100 years after Roberts death there in 1899 at the age of 56, cause of death Chronic Heart Disease.House had been demolished in mid to late 1998. Was a Colliery Agent in 1881.
1871 Census, Auckland District
Family Number: 35494.7
Witton-le-Wear 1871, Witton-le-Wear
Robert Russell, Head, Married, 28, Stationmaster, born Chester-le-Street, County Durham
Ann Russell, Wife, Married, 26, born High Seven (?), Yarm, Yorkshire
William B. Russell, Son, 6, Scholar, born Aycliffe, County Durham
Robert F. Russell, Son, 4, born New Shildon, County Durham
Mary E. Russell, Daughter, 2, born Witton-le-Wear, County Durham
Surname Forename Occupation Plce of Birth Address Reg District ImageReference S&N File Reference
Russell Robert 28 Head Station Master Chester Le Street, Durham Witton Le Wear Witton Le Wear, Durham RG10/4941/F? CD4 R10_4941.pdf p.76
Russell Ann 26 Wife High Seven Yarm, Yorkshire Witton Le Wear Witton Le Wear, Durham RG10/4941/F? CD4 R10_4941.pdf p.76
Russell William B 6 Son Scholar Aycliffe, Durham Witton Le Wear Witton Le Wear, Durham RG10/4941/F? CD4 R10_4941.pdf p.76
Russell Robert F 4 Son New Shildon, Durham Witton Le Wear Witton Le Wear, Durham RG10/4941/F? CD4 R10_4941.pdf p.76
Russell Mary E 2 Daughter Witton Le Wear, Durham Witton Le Wear Witton Le Wear, Durham RG10/4941/F? CD4 R10_4941.pdf p.76
He would have been employed by the Stockton & Darlington Railway when at Witton-le-Wear
The North-East of England is where a lot of it all began - trains, that is. Everybody has heard of the Stockton & Darlington Railway which ran the first public passenger railway service in 1825, but in truth, already the need for mechanised transport had existed for a long time for the region was one of the country's main sources of coal and other minerals. Rail was (and still is) the best medium for moving large amounts of heavy freight, and horse drawn vehicles had proved quite inadequate to the task. Stephenson was amongst the first to exploit steam locomotion for use at Wylam colliery (a few miles to the west of Newcastle upon Tyne) and demonstrated the possibilities which were appreciated and taken up by other developers. Within the next few decades of the 19th. century, railways spread widely throughout the country, though not all met with complete success. A nation wide network eventually came into being through the amalgamation of companies and their individual routes to create the foundation for what we have today.
The ceremonial opening on 27 September 1825 was the first occasion on which a steam locomotive was used to haul passengers on a public railway. The locomotive concerned, now known as Stephenson's "Locomotion", still exists and is displayed at Darlington Railway Centre and Museum, which is situated on the original 1825 S & DR route. Now is its 174th year of use, this structure continues to carry passenger trains.
The new railway soon proved to be a great success and substantially reduced the price of coal. From the early years of the Stockton and Darlington Railway, passenger services were provided by private contractors using horse-drawn coaches on S. & D.R. lines. After several years the economic potential for carrying passengers was evident and the Company introduced its own steam hauled passenger services in 1833.
Of the parts of the 1825 route no longer in use, substantial stretches remain clearly visible and accessible on foot. These include the Brusselton Incline, west of Shildon, which was one of the sections worked by stationary steam engines with rope haulage. Although the S & DR made use of steam locomotives from its opening day, it can also be seen to represent a transitional stage of railway development in which stationary engines and horse-drawn vehicles were also utilised. Although "Locomotion" represents a notable development of the earlier pioneering work of George Stephenson, it is fair to say that the subsequent work of Timothy Hackworth, the first Superintendent Engineer of the S & DR, proved the supremacy of the steam locomotive over forms of motive power.
The Stockton and Darlington Railway was by no means the first railway, but its opening in 1825 marked a very significant step in the development of railways by bringing together two features for the first time: - the concept of a public railway, available to all, for transport of passengers and goods; - the use of steam locomotives.
Locomotion Number 1, the engine which hauled the first public train on the Stockton To Darlington Railway.
The ceremonial opening on 27 September 1825 was the first occasion on which a steam locomotive was used to haul passengers on a public railway. The locomotive concerned, now known as Stephenson's "Locomotion", still exists and is displayed at Darlington Railway Centre and Museum, which is situated on the original 1825 S & DR route. Now is its 174th year of use, this structure continues to carry passenger trains. The new railway soon proved to be a great success and substantially reduced the price of coal. From the early years of the Stockton and Darlington Railway, passenger services were provided by private contractors using horse-drawn coaches on S. & D.R. lines. After several years the economic potential for carrying passengers was evident and the Company introduced its own steam hauled passenger services in 1833. Of the parts of the 1825 route no longer in use, substantial stretches remain clearly visible and accessible on foot. These include the Brusselton Incline, west of Shildon, which was one of the sections worked by stationary steam engines with rope haulage. Although the S & DR made use of steam locomotives from its opening day, it can also be seen to represent a transitional stage of railway development in which stationary engines and horse-drawn vehicles were also utilised. Although "Locomotion" represents a notable development of the earlier pioneering work of George Stephenson, it is fair to say that the subsequent work of Timothy Hackworth, the first Superintendent Engineer of the S & DR, proved the supremacy of the steam locomotive over forms of motive power.
Royal George Piccy
The initial success of the S & DR encouraged the promotion of branch and connecting lines. A branch opened in 1830 was instrumental in the development of the new town of Middlesbrough, which was to become a major industrial centre. Further extension, through a separate company promoted by the S & DR, took the line to Saltburn, which another associated company developed as a holiday resort.
Westward extensions into Teesdale and Weardale facilitated both the exploitation of the area's mineral resources and the transport of agricultural produce. Other lines in the S & DR network established vital links for development of the iron and steel industry at Consett and, via the Stainmore route across the Pennines, in West Cumberland. These examples give an indication of the wide-ranging economic and social benefits which resulted from development of the S & DR and associated lines; a feature which was to be repeated not only in other areas of this country, but throughout the world. Also significant is that the S & Dr was successful commercially, paying dividends to its shareholders and thereby encouraging the investment which was essential for the construction of other railways.
Perhaps more remarkably, almost half of the original 25-mile route of the S & DR main line has remained in continuous use and still carries regular passenger train services as part of the national railway network. Just a short distance from Darlington Railway Centre & Museum is the impressive Skerne Bridge, as depicted in John Dobbin's water-colour painting of the opening of the S & DR and featured on the reverse of the ¹5 Bank of England note.
George Stephenson
Hackworth's "Royal George" locomotive built in 1827, which featured steam pressure valves and a practical application of the blast pipe, is an example of the innovative design work on the S & DR which later was to be of significance to other railways. As proposals for railway construction began to be put forward elsewhere, the engineering expertise of George and Robert Stephenson, Timothy Hackworth and others was soon in great demand all over the world. From these origins there developed the major railway engineering industries of both Darlington and Shildon, which were to play an important role in supplying both the home and export markets.
From these origins there developed the major railway engineering industries of both Darlington and Shildon, which were to play an important role in supplying both the home and export markets. The initial success of the S & DR encouraged the promotion of branch and connecting lines. A branch opened in 1830 was instrumental in the development of the new town of Middlesbrough, which was to become a major industrial centre. Further extension, through a separate company promoted by the S & DR, took the line to Saltburn, which another associated company developed as a holiday
THE NEED FOR STATIONS
At first passengers paid their fares at small ticket offices and wayside inns, such as that at Fighting Cocks, a few miles east of Darlington. In Darlington a small improvised ticket office was opened in the Stockton and Darlington Railway goods warehouse which was situated about 100 years south east of the present North Road Station, adjacent to the bridge carrying the railway across North Road. As passenger travel by rail became increasingly popular the Company built small country stations or halts, many consisting of little more than a station house and waiting shelter. By the 1840s there was a definite need for a somewhat larger station in Darlington and in 1842 the centre section of North Road Station was opened.
NORTH ROAD STATION The building which you see today at North Road Station has been extended a number of times over the years but the limit of the 1842 building is marked on the interior wall for the visitor. The original station had three tracks but one platform served trains in both directions. At a later date a carriage shed was added on the north side. During the 1870s further enlargement was carried out and the original north wall separating the station from the carriage shed was removed and cast iron columns (still to be seen outside) inserted instead. The modern boundary wall of the museum was built along the same position and in effect the building is now as it was, the track currently used by the Bishop Auckland Pay-Trains passing through what was the old carriage shed . The 1870s alterations also provided a bay platform at each end of the station. Services from Bank Top, Darlington's main line station, used the east end bay and trains from Kirkby Stephen and the west used the other. In July 1881 a through train was inadvertently diverted into the east bay due to a points failure. In 1894 the bays were removed and the present layout with through lines and an island platform reached by a footbridge created.
Background information, on how or why Robert had a milk selling business..
A cowkeeper usually kept cows and had a dairy businessselling milk. A great many of the tenant farmers in the Yorkshire Dales moved to the cities and set up a milk round. Some of them, having made their fortune in a small way, moved back to their home villages in their old age. Haydealers probably dealt in the buying and selling of hay - buying them from farmers who had fields and made hay and selling it to the cowkeepers and others who needed hay during the winter months when the cows were kept indoors. A farmer usually had fields and grew crops and kept sheep and cattle depending on where he lived. Hope this helps
Shirley -
Was in answer to a question
From: Eve Richardson
To:
Sent: Saturday, February 23, 2002 10:59 PM
Subject: [YKS] cowkeepers and strays (people, not cows)
> Firstly, does anyone know if there were any particular distinctions to be made between a cowkeeper, a haydealer, and a farmer ? On or two of my ancestors seem to have been listed as anyone one or two of these on various census records. The family lived in Swann Street, York, just outside the city walls, near Micklegate. I gather they had a barn locally where they could store the hay, and presumably grazed their cows on the common, but if they were farmers would this mean they held land further away and "commuted" to work ?
Eve
CORNSAY COLLIERY from Whellan's 1894 Directory of County Durham
The Cornsay Colliery, worked by Messrs. Ferens and Love, was first opened out in 1868, and is situated within the township of Cornsay, but in this parish [Hamsteels]. There are four seams, the whole of which are worked by drifts into the hillsides. The "Harvey" is 2 feet 8 inches thick ; the "Ballarat" 1 foot 9 inches ; the "Five Quarter" 2 feet 2 inches to 3 feet 6 inches and the Main coal is 3 feet. The names of the drifts are Low Drift, High Drift, Colpike Drift, and Ford Drift, which give a daily output amounting to 750 tons, about half of which is converted into coke on the spot, there being 270 coke ovens. A great feature of this pit is that it yields a splendid fireclay, which supplies the rather extensive brick, tile, and sanitary pipe works in connection with the colliery. It is contemplated by the owners to lay down plant for the manufacture of glazed, sanitary, and other ware, for which the clay is so well adapted. This colliery in its various departments gives employment to an average 700 men and boys. The royalties worked, besides a large area of freehold owned by themselves, are leased from Ushaw College, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and Miss Taylor-Smith.
Auckland Star, Volume XXX, Issue 69, 23 March 1899, Page 8
RUSSELL_ On March 22, at his residence York St., Parnell, Robert the dearly beloved husband of Ann Russell.
Private Interment.
Auckland Star, Volume XXX, Issue 81, 7 April 1899, Page 4
His Honor Mr. Justice Conolly held a short sitting- in Chambers at the Supreme Court this morning. Probate was granted to the executors named in the wills of Robert Russell and. Wm. P. Hunter (deceased); and letters of administration were granted'in re Ebenezer B. Gray and Ma-i*y Hqsking (deceased).
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1843 - 1899 (56 years)
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